Nabil Luqman

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Social

youth

results

examinations

concerns

SPM 2024

academics

dropouts

national performance

The 2024 Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) examination has delivered the strongest academic performance since the introduction of the current grading system in 2013. The Ministry of Education announced significant improvements across key metrics, with more candidates passing and a higher number earning top grades. However, this success is tempered by a troubling increase in the number of students who failed all subjects &mdash; and those who did not turn up for the examination at all.
Best National Performance Since 2013
<img src="https://r2.myc.my/d16602fa49775f808c21bd1b75714e429eba324d4b2d774c80526ce423d50827" />
According to Education Director-General Datuk Azman Adnan, the national average grade (GPN) for the 2024 SPM was 4.49, an improvement from 4.60 recorded in 2023. In the Malaysian examination system, a lower GPN denotes better overall performance. This makes the 2024 cohort the best-performing since the Malaysian Qualifications Framework was realigned over a decade ago.
Of the 402,956 candidates who sat for the exams, 355,933 students &mdash; or 94 per cent &mdash; qualified for the SPM certificate by passing Bahasa Melayu and History, both of which are compulsory. Additionally, 14,179 candidates (3.7 per cent) achieved straight As across all subjects (A+, A, or A-), marking a significant increase from the 12,087 candidates (3.1 per cent) who achieved similar results in 2023.
This upward trend was mirrored across nearly all subject categories, suggesting a broader systemic improvement rather than isolated excellence.
Urban-Rural Gap Narrows Slightly
&nbsp;<img src="https://r2.myc.my/d9dd2ed3b3bf23be3b5aca011f12c1913e7bf26f91a922fc2df2e7e0522f12d8" />
One notable highlight of the 2024 results is the narrowing of the performance gap between urban and rural students. While urban candidates scored an average GPN of 4.47, rural students recorded 4.92. Though the disparity remains, the 0.45-point difference marks a continuing trend towards greater equity in educational outcomes, aided by digital learning tools, targeted rural support programmes, and increased access to trained educators.
State-by-State: Regional Performance Highlights
&nbsp;<img src="https://r2.myc.my/af6b553b0f1898ac24a4a379134f2284f80856e376c55ac6f5ee16c0446f061e" />
Several states reported performance levels above or on par with the national average, underscoring broader improvements across the education system.
<ul>
<li>Putrajaya maintained its strong academic standing with a GPN of 3.44 &mdash; the best in the country. Out of 1,073 candidates, 99.07 per cent qualified for the SPM certificate, and 175 students achieved straight As.</li>
<li>Terengganu saw its GPN improve from 4.41 in 2023 to 4.31, with 532 students scoring straight As.</li>
<li>Melaka posted a GPN of 4.43, with 414 students earning straight As. Sixteen of these candidates scored A+ in all subjects.</li>
<li>Johor exceeded the national average with a GPN of 4.36. The number of straight-A students rose from 1,247 in 2023 to 1,513 in 2024.</li>
<li>Penang improved to a GPN of 4.39, with 819 candidates achieving at least A- in all subjects.</li>
<li>Selangor, Malaysia&rsquo;s most populous state, recorded a GPN of 4.59 &mdash; slightly better than 4.62 in 2023 &mdash; with 2,368 students obtaining straight As.</li>
<li>Negeri Sembilan outperformed many with a GPN of 4.18 and 804 straight-A achievers.</li>
<li>Kelantan saw a GPN of 4.62, with 436 students scoring straight As.</li>
<li>Other states, including Kuala Lumpur (4.24 GPN), Perlis (4.66), Pahang (4.56), Sarawak (4.92), and Sabah (5.10), also demonstrated modest improvements in overall performance.</li>
</ul>
Alarming Increase in Students Failing All Subjects
<img src="https://r2.myc.my/7420d6f60d1fefbe7a34d00e9314eb36635fc70e280477720fca09b69443cbda" />
Despite the national gains, a concerning number of students failed every subject in the 2024 SPM. A total of 1,789 candidates (0.5 per cent) received failing grades across all papers &mdash; including Bahasa Melayu and History &mdash; up from 1,467 (0.4 per cent) the previous year.
The Ministry attributes this to a mix of academic and socioeconomic challenges. Some students continue to struggle with foundational skills due to lingering effects of pandemic-era disruptions, while others face unstable home environments or a lack of academic support. Fatigue from juggling school and part-time jobs &mdash; especially in urban areas &mdash; has also been identified as a major contributing factor.
&ldquo;We found that some students were working night shifts and attending school during the day, which naturally impacts their focus and performance,&rdquo; said Education Director-General Datuk Azman Adnan. &ldquo;These are systemic issues that must be addressed.&rdquo;
Dropouts and Absenteeism: Thousands Did Not Sit for the Exam
<img src="https://r2.myc.my/0ea7a5ca9e0dea06717e64dd59090d223f5ffaa9c1dbfd5de4aedc8cb03f97be" />
Beyond those who failed, thousands of students did not turn up for the SPM at all &mdash; a persistent issue that continues to trouble the Ministry. Around 10,000 registered candidates nationwide were absent from the 2024 exam.
In Penang, 239 candidates failed to sit for the papers &mdash; a slight improvement from 338 in 2023. According to State Education Director Wan Sajiri Wan Hassan, financial hardship is often the root cause. &ldquo;Some students prioritise work to support their families over completing their education,&rdquo; he noted.
To tackle this, Penang has rolled out the Jom SPM outreach programme, aimed at re-engaging at-risk students. Led by District Education Offices (PPDs), the initiative collaborates with community leaders and civil society groups to conduct targeted home visits and provide counselling and support.
Ministry&rsquo;s Next Steps: Targeted Support and Strategic Partnerships
The Ministry of Education has pledged a detailed post-mortem of the 2024 results to identify root causes of both failure and absenteeism. Datuk Azman emphasised that the Ministry will not rest on the laurels of improved averages alone.
&ldquo;Inclusive success is our target. We are pleased with the national progress, but equally mindful of the students left behind,&rdquo; he said.
The Ministry plans to expand remedial classes, enhance after-school tutoring programmes, and strengthen collaboration with NGOs, parent-teacher associations, and youth agencies. These efforts aim to deliver not just academic instruction but holistic support for students facing economic or emotional hardship.
What are your thoughts on this? Let us know in the comments. 
&nbsp;
*Sources: Visual and Reference Credits to Social Media &amp; various cross-references for context.
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Thanos once said, “Perfectly balanced, as all things should be” — but this wasn’t quite the balance we had in mind. 

3832e00dbd6ffccf0fb54ca3db81af71a6e228ed54ad647332206e595055cb56

SPM 2024 Records Best Results In Over A Decade, But Concerns Over Failures And Dropouts Persist

SPM 2024 Records Best Results In Over A Decade, But Concerns Over Failures And Dropouts Persist

Thanos once said, “Perfectly balanced, as all things should be” — but this wasn’t quite the balance we had in mind.

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